Property Law

Equitable Remedies: Specific Performance, Rescission, Rectification, and Injunctions Introduction Equitable remedies occupy a distinctive position in the legal system of England and Wales. They developed through the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery and provide forms of judicial relief that complement the remedies traditionally available under common law. Whereas common-law Read more

Trusts in English Law: Express, Resulting, and Constructive Trusts Introduction Trusts occupy a central position in English property law because they allow legal ownership and beneficial ownership to exist separately. A person may hold the legal title to property while another person, or several persons, possesses the right to enjoy Read more

Adverse Possession: Acquiring Rights Through Possession of Land Introduction Adverse possession is one of the most distinctive doctrines in the law of land in England and Wales. It concerns the circumstances in which a person who occupies land without the owner’s permission may, through sufficiently long and legally qualifying possession, Read more

Mortgages and Secured Lending: Creation, Enforcement, and Borrower Protection Introduction Mortgages are among the most important legal mechanisms through which property ownership and credit markets interact. They allow individuals and businesses to obtain finance by providing a lender with security over land. A person purchasing a home may borrow a Read more

Easements, Covenants, and Profits à Prendre: Rights Affecting Land Introduction Ownership of land does not necessarily confer unrestricted freedom to use, develop, or enjoy it. Property rights frequently extend beyond the boundaries of the land itself, creating legal relationships between neighbouring properties and their respective owners. A person may own Read more

Landlord and Tenant Law: Residential Tenancies, Possession, and Security of Tenure Introduction Landlord and tenant law is a central component of property law in England and Wales. It governs the legal relationship between individuals and organisations that grant or receive the right to occupy land under a tenancy. Its practical Read more

Co-Ownership of Land: Joint Tenancy, Tenancy in Common, and Trusts of Land Introduction Co-ownership is one of the most important aspects of property law in England and Wales. Land is frequently acquired, inherited, financed, occupied, and managed by more than one person. Married couples purchase family homes together, unmarried partners Read more

Freehold and Leasehold Estates: Ownership, Duration, and Legal Rights Introduction The distinction between freehold and leasehold estates is fundamental to the English law of property. It determines the nature and duration of a person’s proprietary entitlement to land, the extent of their rights over the property and the legal obligations Read more