Theory

AI Liability: Legal Responsibility in the Age of Artificial Intelligence Introduction Artificial intelligence has rapidly evolved from a specialized technological tool into a transformative force affecting nearly every aspect of modern life. AI systems now assist in medical diagnoses, financial decision-making, transportation, hiring practices, criminal investigations, military operations, and countless Read more

Cognitive Impairment in Law: Concept, Legal Relevance, and Doctrinal Implications I. Introduction Cognitive impairment occupies a critical and increasingly visible position within modern legal systems. As societies age, medical diagnostics improve, and awareness of mental and neurological conditions expands, courts and legislatures are confronted with complex questions concerning autonomy, responsibility, Read more

Derogation from Grant: Concept, Application, and Legal Implications I. Introduction The principle of derogation from grant occupies an important place in the law of property, contract, and obligations. Rooted in the maxim “a grantor shall not derogate from his own grant”, it embodies the fundamental idea that one who conveys Read more

Lex Informatica: Emergent Norms of Internet Governance – How Private Platforms Create De Facto Legal Standards What is Lex Informatica? In the evolving realm of cyberspace, traditional legal systems have encountered new challenges posed by the transnational and decentralized nature of the internet. In this complex domain, the concept of Read more

Is Universal Basic Income (UBI) Legally Feasible? Lessons from Global Experiments The concept of Universal Basic Income (UBI)—an unconditional, regular financial payment to all citizens regardless of employment status or income—has gained traction over the past decades. Promoted as a solution to poverty, automation-induced unemployment, and economic inequality, UBI poses Read more

The Legal Doctrine of the Reasonable Person: An Enduring Fiction in the Pursuit of Justice The legal doctrine of the reasonable person stands as a fundamental and yet paradoxical construct within Anglo-American common law. Often invoked in tort, criminal, and contract law, this notional character serves as the benchmark against Read more

The Fraud Triangle as a Legal Problem: Intersections of Motive, Opportunity, and Rationalization Fraud, a deliberate act of deception intended for personal or financial gain, represents one of the most persistent and costly threats to institutions, governments, and societies. While much scholarly attention has been given to fraud from criminological, Read more

Legal Capacity: Foundations, Challenges, and Implications Legal capacity is a fundamental concept in law, referring to an individual’s ability to hold rights and obligations, make legally binding decisions, and participate in legal transactions. It underpins the autonomy and dignity of individuals, ensuring they can engage in contractual relationships, own property, Read more